Mayyit ko Dafnan – Sunnat Tareeqa

1. Mayyit Ko Dafnan Sunnat Tareeqa Janaza Lahad Qabr Talqeen Ka Sharai o Lughwi Mafhoom

Deen-e-Islam ek mukammal zaabta-e-hayat hai jo aqaaid, ibadaat, mamlaat aur akhlaqiyyat me poori insaniyat ki hidayat farmata hai. Jab hum mayyit ko dafnan sunnat tareeqa janaza lahad qabr talqeen ki sharai hesiyat ka jaiza lete hain, to ye baat nihayat wazeh ho kar samne aati hai ke Aslaf-e-Saliheen, Aimma-e-Mujtahideen, aur Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ke jumhoor ulema ne hamesha is amar ko Quran-o-Sunnah ki asoolon par parkha hai.

Lughwi aitibar se is lafz ke maani paakizgi, itaat, tabedaari aur haq par qayam rehne ke aate hain. Istilah-e-shariat me iska maqsad banday ko uske Khaliq-o-Malik se jodhna aur Nabi-e-Kareem, Rahmatul-lil-Aalameen Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ ke naqsh-e-qadam par chalana hai.

Hanafi Fiqh ke azeem ulema—jinke sarbarah Imam-e-Azam Abu Hanifa Nu’man bin Thabit (R.A.) hain—ne hamesha nusoos-e-shariah (Quran aur Sunnah) ke ma-baad usool aur qawaid ko samne rakh kar har maslay ki tahqeeq farmai hai. Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka tareeqa hamesha aitedal, aman aur adab-e-risalat par mabni raha hai. Isme na to kutto-nifaq ki gunjaish hai aur na hi kisi qism ki ghulo aur bidat-e-dalalah ki.

2. Aayaat-e-Quraniyyah se Qat’i Dalaail o Barahin

Allah Tabarak wa Ta’ala ne Kalam-e-Majeed me is ahem mauzoo par wazeh hidayat ata farmai hai. Surah mubarakah me irshad-e-bari ta’ala hota hai:

Qabr me mitti daalte waqt 3 lap (mutthi) mitti daalna sunnat hai aur is aayat-e-mubaraka ke 3 hisson ko ba-tarteeb padhna mustahab hai.

Tafseer-e-Kabeer me Imam Fakhruddin Razi aur Tafseer Kanz al-Iman me Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi is aayat-e-mubaraka ke taht farmate hain ke Allah Ta’ala ke har hukum me hikmaton ke khazane poshida hain. Momin ka kirdar ye hona chahiye ke wo kalam-e-ilahi ke aage sar-e-tasleem kham kare aur uski hidayat ko apni amali zindagi me dhal le.

3. Ahadith-e-Nabawiyyah aur Asaar-e-Sahaba

Huzoor Sarwar-e-Kawnain, Janab-e-Ahmad-e-Mujtaba ﷺ ke aqwal aur af’aal deen ka doosra bunyadi sarchashma hain. Hadeeth-e-Mubaraka me aata hai:

اسْتَغْفِرُوا لِأَخِيكُمْ، وَسَلُوا لَهُ بِالتَّثْبِيتِ، فَإِنَّهُ الْآنَ يُسْأَلُ

Tarjuma: “Apne (marhoom) bhai ke liye maghfirat talab karo aur uske liye (jawabat me) sabit-qadami ki dua karo, kyunki is waqt us se sawal kiya ja raha hai.”

— Sunan Abi Dawood, Hadith 3221; Mustadrak lil-Hakim (Sahih)

Tadfeen ke baad qabr par thodi der thehr kar mayyit ke liye isteghfar aur tasbeet ki dua karna Rasoolullah ﷺ ki daimi sunnat hai.

Sahaba-e-Kiram Ridwanullahi Ta’ala Alaihim Ajmaeen ne is farman-e-nabawi par jis tarah amali pehra diya, wo tareekh ka sunehri baab hai. Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq, Hazrat Umar Farooq, Hazrat Usman Ghani aur Hazrat Ali Al-Murtaza (R.A.) ne hamesha is baare me aitedal aur sunnat ka daman thama rakha.

4. Aimma-e-Kiram aur Maslak-e-Aala Hazrat ki Roshni me Fiqhi Tehqeeq

Sadrush Shariah Bahar-e-Shariat (Janaiz ka Bayan) me farmate hain: ‘Qabr par 3 mutthi mitti daalna mustahab hai. Pehli mutthi me Minha Khalaqnakum, doosri me Wa Feeha Nueedukum, aur teesri me Wa Minha Nukhrijukum Taaratan Ukhra padhein. Qabr ko oont ke kohan ki tarah 1 balisht uncha karein, chaokhor na banayein.’ Aala Hazrat farmate hain ke dafan ke baad qabr ke sarhane Surah Baqarah ka aghaaz (Alif-Laam-Meem se Muflihoon tak) aur paainti Surah Baqarah ka aakhir (Aamanar-Rasoolu se aakhir tak) padhna sunnat-e-sahaba hai.

Mujaddid-e-Deen-o-Millat, Imam-e-Ahle-Sunnat Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (Rahmatullahi Alayh) ne apni azeem-ush-shan tasneef Fatawa Razawiyyah me is maslay par be-misaal tehqeeq farmai hai. Aap farmate hain ke Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka rasta wahi hai jispar Sahaba-e-Kiram, Tabi’een, Taba Tabi’een aur Aimma-e-Arba’a (Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Malik, Imam Shafi’i, Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal) gamzan rahay. Deen me kisi bhi naye aqeeday ya man-marzi ki taweel ki koi gunjaish nahi hai. Har amal aur aqeeday ko nusoos-e-qat’iyyah ki roshni me samjhna zaroori hai.

Sadrush Shariah Allama Hakeem Muhammad Amjad Ali Azmi (R.A.) apni shohra-e-aafaq kitab Bahar-e-Shariat me farmate hain ke shariat-e-mutahharah ke ahkam do qism ke hain: Aqaid aur Mamlaat/Ibadaat. Aqaid me shak o shubhat se imaan me khalal waqe hota hai, jabki fiqh me Aslaf ki taqleed insan ko bhatakne se mehfooz rakhti hai. Ahle Sunnat ka sarmaya-e-iftikhar yahi hai ke unka silsila-e-ilm bila-fasl Sarwar-e-Kainat ﷺ tak pohanchta hai.

5. Dafan ke 5 Marhala-war Sunnat Amoor

1. Qabr me Utarna: Mayyit ko qibla ki samt se ahistagi ke sath utara jaye. Utarne wale kahein: ‘Bismillahi wa ‘ala millati Rasoolillah’.

2. Qibla-Rukh Karna: Mayyit ko dayen karwat par qibla ki taraf mael karein aur kafan ke band (girahein) khol dein.

3. Kachi Eentein Lagana: Qabr ke deewar par kachi eentein lagana mustahab hai; pakki eentein lagana bila-zaroorat makrooh hai.

4. 3 Mutthi Mitti Daalna: Hazireen sarhane se 3 martaba dono haathon se mitti dalein aur Quran ki aayat padhein.

5. Paani Chhidakna aur Sabz Shaakh: Qabr par paani chhidakna aur sarhane sabz tahli ya patti rakhna sunnat hai taake jab tak sabz rahay tasbeeh kare aur azaab me takhfeef ho.

6. Lahad vs Shaqq Qabr ka Sharai Farq

Aitibar	Lahad (Baghli Qabr)	Shaqq (Sanduq numa Qabr)
Sharai Hesiyat	Afzal o Sunnat (Zameen sakht ho)	Jaiz (Zameen narm ya retteli ho)
Bannawat	Qabr ki qibla deewar me taaq tarashna	Neeche seedha gaddha khodna
Mayyit ki Jagah	Side wale taaq me mehfooz rakhna	Beech me rakh kar oopar takhtay lagana
Hadeeth ka Hukm	‘Al-Lahdu lana wash-shaqqu li-ghairina’	Zaroorat ke tehat mutafiqqa jaiz

7. Ahem Masail aur Ghalat-Fehmiyon ka Azala

Muashray me mayyit ko dafnan sunnat tareeqa janaza lahad qabr talqeen ke hawale se jo ghalat-fehmiyan aur ifrat-o-tafreet paayi jaati hai, uska mustanad ilmi jawab darj zail hai:

• Qabr me pakki eentein ya cement ka farsh banana: Qabr ke andar pakki eent ya cement lagana makrooh-e-tahreemi hai; kachi mitti aur kachi eent sunnat hai.
• Dafan ke baad foran bhaag jana: Sunnat ye hai ke dafan ke baad utni der thehra jaye jitni der me oont zabh karke gosht taqseem kiya jata hai (taqreeban aadha ghanta).
• Aurat ko na-mehram ka qabr me utarna: Aurat ki mayyit ko qabr me sirf uske mehram (baap, bhai, beta, shohar) utarein.

8. Amali Zindagi me Nafaz (Practical Guidelines)

Har musalman ko chahiye ke wo darj zail amoor par pabandi ke sath amal kare taake uski amali zindagi me sunnat ka noor shamil ho sake:

1. Janaza ke Sath Ba-Adab Chalna: Janaza ke piche paidal chalein, aawaz buland na karein, dil me maut ki fikar karein.
2. Kafan ke Band Kholna: Qabr me utarne ke baad sar aur paon ke kafan ke band zaroor kholein.
3. 3 Mutthi Mitti ka Ehtimam: Surah Taha ki aayat ke alfaz ke sath 3 dafa mitti dalein.
4. Tilawat-e-Quran Qabr par: Sarhane Surah Baqarah ka shuru aur paanti aakhir padhein.
5. Talqeen-e-Mayyit: Ahle Sunnat ke tareeqe ke mutabiq mayyit ko Nakeerain ke jawabat ki talqeen karein.

9. Roohani Fawaid aur Tazkiyah-e-Nafs

Qabr ki wahshat se hifazat, sawalat-e-barzakh me aasaani, shafa’at-e-mustafa aur zinda logon ke liye maut ki naseehat.

Sultan-ul-Awliya, Huzoor Ghaus-e-Azam Sayyiduna Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (R.A.) apni shandar tasneef Al-Fath ar-Rabbani aur Ghunyat-ut-Talibeen me irshad farmate hain ke jab tak banda apne zahir ko shariat ke taabay aur batin ko ikhlas o hubb-e-ilahi se aaraasta na kare, tab tak haqeeqat-e-roohaniyat haasil nahi ho sakti. Shariat zahir ka husn hai aur Tareeqat batin ki taharat hai. Dono ek doosre ke laazoom hain.

Hujjat-ul-Islam Imam Muhammad Ghazali (R.A.) Ihya Ulum al-Din me irshad farmate hain ke momin ka har fail (chahe wo ibadat ho, zikr ho, ya dunya-wi kashmakash) agar niyat-e-saliha ke sath kiya jaye to wo ibadat ban jata hai. Dil ki paakizgi, bughz o keena se nijaat aur khuloos-e-niyat hi roohani kamyabi ki azeem kunji hai.

10. Hamari Sunni Kutub Library se Mutala’a

11. Aksar Poochhe Jane Wale Sawalat (FAQs)

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