Muharram – Kya Karein Kya Na Karein (Sunni View)

1. Muharram Kya Karein Kya Na Karein Sunni View Ka Sharai o Lughwi Mafhoom

Deen-e-Islam ek mukammal zaabta-e-hayat hai jo aqaaid, ibadaat, mamlaat aur akhlaqiyyat me poori insaniyat ki hidayat farmata hai. Jab hum muharram kya karein kya na karein sunni view ki sharai hesiyat ka jaiza lete hain, to ye baat nihayat wazeh ho kar samne aati hai ke Aslaf-e-Saliheen, Aimma-e-Mujtahideen, aur Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ke jumhoor ulema ne hamesha is amar ko Quran-o-Sunnah ki asoolon par parkha hai.

Lughwi aitibar se is lafz ke maani paakizgi, itaat, tabedaari aur haq par qayam rehne ke aate hain. Istilah-e-shariat me iska maqsad banday ko uske Khaliq-o-Malik se jodhna aur Nabi-e-Kareem, Rahmatul-lil-Aalameen Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ ke naqsh-e-qadam par chalana hai.

Hanafi Fiqh ke azeem ulema—jinke sarbarah Imam-e-Azam Abu Hanifa Nu’man bin Thabit (R.A.) hain—ne hamesha nusoos-e-shariah (Quran aur Sunnah) ke ma-baad usool aur qawaid ko samne rakh kar har maslay ki tahqeeq farmai hai. Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka tareeqa hamesha aitedal, aman aur adab-e-risalat par mabni raha hai. Isme na to kutto-nifaq ki gunjaish hai aur na hi kisi qism ki ghulo aur bidat-e-dalalah ki.

2. Aayaat-e-Quraniyyah se Qat’i Dalaail o Barahin

Allah Tabarak wa Ta’ala ne Kalam-e-Majeed me is ahem mauzoo par wazeh hidayat ata farmai hai. Surah mubarakah me irshad-e-bari ta’ala hota hai:

Huzoor Aqdas ﷺ ne wazeh farmaya ke chaar hurmat wale mahine Zil Qadah, Zil Hijjah, Muharram aur Rajab hain. In mahinon me neki ka sawab badh jata hai aur gunah ki sangeeni me izafa hota hai.

Tafseer-e-Kabeer me Imam Fakhruddin Razi aur Tafseer Kanz al-Iman me Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi is aayat-e-mubaraka ke taht farmate hain ke Allah Ta’ala ke har hukum me hikmaton ke khazane poshida hain. Momin ka kirdar ye hona chahiye ke wo kalam-e-ilahi ke aage sar-e-tasleem kham kare aur uski hidayat ko apni amali zindagi me dhal le.

3. Ahadith-e-Nabawiyyah aur Asaar-e-Sahaba

Huzoor Sarwar-e-Kawnain, Janab-e-Ahmad-e-Mujtaba ﷺ ke aqwal aur af’aal deen ka doosra bunyadi sarchashma hain. Hadeeth-e-Mubaraka me aata hai:

أَفْضَلُ الصِّيَامِ بَعْدَ رَمَضَانَ شَهْرُ اللَّهِ الْمُحَرَّمُ

Tarjuma: “Ramadan ke baad sabse afzal roze Allah ke mahine Muharram ke hain.”

— Sahih Muslim, Hadith 1163; Sunan Abi Dawood, Hadith 2429

Huzoor ﷺ ne Ashoora (10 Muharram) ka roza khud bhi rakha aur sahaba ko bhi hukm diya, aur yahood ki mukhalifat ke liye 9 ya 11 Muharram ka roza milane ki hidayat farmai.

Sahaba-e-Kiram Ridwanullahi Ta’ala Alaihim Ajmaeen ne is farman-e-nabawi par jis tarah amali pehra diya, wo tareekh ka sunehri baab hai. Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq, Hazrat Umar Farooq, Hazrat Usman Ghani aur Hazrat Ali Al-Murtaza (R.A.) ne hamesha is baare me aitedal aur sunnat ka daman thama rakha.

4. Aimma-e-Kiram aur Maslak-e-Aala Hazrat ki Roshni me Fiqhi Tehqeeq

Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi ne apni mashhoor risale Radd-ur-Rafaza aur Risala Ta’ziyah Dari me saabit kiya ke taaziya banana, matam karna, zanjeer zani karna shariat me qat’an haram aur biddat hai. Allama Abdul Mustafa Azmi Seerat-e-Mustafa me farmate hain ke Imam Hussain ki yaad sabr, istiqamat aur deen par mar mitne ka dars deti hai, cheekhne chillane ka nahi.

Mujaddid-e-Deen-o-Millat, Imam-e-Ahle-Sunnat Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (Rahmatullahi Alayh) ne apni azeem-ush-shan tasneef Fatawa Razawiyyah me is maslay par be-misaal tehqeeq farmai hai. Aap farmate hain ke Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka rasta wahi hai jispar Sahaba-e-Kiram, Tabi’een, Taba Tabi’een aur Aimma-e-Arba’a (Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Malik, Imam Shafi’i, Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal) gamzan rahay. Deen me kisi bhi naye aqeeday ya man-marzi ki taweel ki koi gunjaish nahi hai. Har amal aur aqeeday ko nusoos-e-qat’iyyah ki roshni me samjhna zaroori hai.

Sadrush Shariah Allama Hakeem Muhammad Amjad Ali Azmi (R.A.) apni shohra-e-aafaq kitab Bahar-e-Shariat me farmate hain ke shariat-e-mutahharah ke ahkam do qism ke hain: Aqaid aur Mamlaat/Ibadaat. Aqaid me shak o shubhat se imaan me khalal waqe hota hai, jabki fiqh me Aslaf ki taqleed insan ko bhatakne se mehfooz rakhti hai. Ahle Sunnat ka sarmaya-e-iftikhar yahi hai ke unka silsila-e-ilm bila-fasl Sarwar-e-Kainat ﷺ tak pohanchta hai.

5. Muharram me Sunni Musalman ke Masnoon Aamaal vs Mamnooa Umoor

1. 9 aur 10 Muharram ka Roza: Ashoora ka roza pichle ek saal ke sagheera gunahon ka kaffara ban jata hai. Iske sath 9ween ya 11ween ka roza milana sunnat hai.

2. Ahl-o-Ayal par Rizq ki Farakhi: Hadith me aata hai ke jo shakhs Ashoora ke din apne ghar walon ke kharch me wus’at karega, Allah poora saal uske rizq me barkat ata farmayega (Bayhaqi).

3. Shuhada-e-Karbala ke liye Niyaz o Nazar: Sharbat, haleem ya khana paka kar Hazrat Imam Hussain aur Shuhada-e-Karbala ki rooh ko Isal-e-Sawab karna nihayat baa-barkat hai.

4. Zikr-e-Shahadat ki Majalis: Masajid me ba-adab ijtemaat munaqqid karke Fazail-e-Ahle Bait aur Karbala ke sabaq-amooz waqiat sunna.

5. Taaziya, Matam aur Siyah Libas se Parhez: Matam karna (kapde phaadna, seena peetna) Bukhari Shareef ki hadith ke mutabiq haraam hai. Siyah (black) libas ko soug ki nishani bana kar pehnna bhi mamnoo hai.

6. Muharram ke Aamaal: Sunnat vs Mamnooa Tareeqay

Amoor	Sunnat o Mustahab (Sunni Amal)	Biddat o Mamnoo (Deviated Amal)
Roza	9 aur 10 Muharram ka roza	Roze ko manhoos samajh kar tark karna
Khana o Sharbat	Isal-e-sawab ki niyat se taqseem	Taaziye ke aage sajda ya mannat maangna
Gham ka Izhar	Dili dard, ansu aur sabr-e-jameel	Seena-kobi, matam, zanjeer-zani
Libas	Aam saaf sutra libas	Makhsoos matami kala libas pehnna
Bayan	Fazail-e-Sahaba o Ahle Bait dono ka zikr	Sahaba par tabarra ya Yazeed ka difa

7. Ahem Masail aur Ghalat-Fehmiyon ka Azala

Muashray me muharram kya karein kya na karein sunni view ke hawale se jo ghalat-fehmiyan aur ifrat-o-tafreet paayi jaati hai, uska mustanad ilmi jawab darj zail hai:

• Muharram me shadi karna manhoos hai: Islam me koi mahina ya din manhoos nahi; Hazrat Ali aur Hazrat Fatima ka nikah Muharram hi me hua tha.
• Sharbat aur Niyaz peena haram hai: Isal-e-sawab ke khane par Quran padha jata hai, wo paak aur ba-barkat hota hai.
• Yazeed ko Razi Allah kehna jaiz hai: Yazeed faasiq o fajir tha, use ameerul momineen kehna kharjiat o gumrahi hai.

8. Amali Zindagi me Nafaz (Practical Guidelines)

Har musalman ko chahiye ke wo darj zail amoor par pabandi ke sath amal kare taake uski amali zindagi me sunnat ka noor shamil ho sake:

1. 9 aur 10 ka Roza Rakhein: In do dino me roza rakh kar maghfirat ki dua karein.
2. Ghar me Dastar-khwan Wasee Karein: Ashoora ke din bachon ko acha khana khilayein.
3. Majalis-e-Zikr-e-Hussain: Jamat Ahle Sunnat ke qayam-karda ijtemaat me shareek hon.
4. Durood Shareef ka Wird: Huzoor ﷺ aur Aale Rasool par kasrat se durood bhejein.
5. Fitna Angaizi se Bachna: Firqawariana shor-sharaba aur jhagdon se door rahein.

9. Roohani Fawaid aur Tazkiyah-e-Nafs

Hubb-e-Ahle Bait me izafa, batil ke aage sar na jhukane ka jazba, rizq me saal bhar barkat aur gunahon ki maghfirat.

Sultan-ul-Awliya, Huzoor Ghaus-e-Azam Sayyiduna Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (R.A.) apni shandar tasneef Al-Fath ar-Rabbani aur Ghunyat-ut-Talibeen me irshad farmate hain ke jab tak banda apne zahir ko shariat ke taabay aur batin ko ikhlas o hubb-e-ilahi se aaraasta na kare, tab tak haqeeqat-e-roohaniyat haasil nahi ho sakti. Shariat zahir ka husn hai aur Tareeqat batin ki taharat hai. Dono ek doosre ke laazoom hain.

Hujjat-ul-Islam Imam Muhammad Ghazali (R.A.) Ihya Ulum al-Din me irshad farmate hain ke momin ka har fail (chahe wo ibadat ho, zikr ho, ya dunya-wi kashmakash) agar niyat-e-saliha ke sath kiya jaye to wo ibadat ban jata hai. Dil ki paakizgi, bughz o keena se nijaat aur khuloos-e-niyat hi roohani kamyabi ki azeem kunji hai.

10. Hamari Sunni Kutub Library se Mutala’a

11. Aksar Poochhe Jane Wale Sawalat (FAQs)

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