Ustad ka Adab – Deen me Maqam

1. Ustad Ka Adab Deen Me Maqam Teacher Respect Islam Ka Sharai o Lughwi Mafhoom

Deen-e-Islam ek mukammal zaabta-e-hayat hai jo aqaaid, ibadaat, mamlaat aur akhlaqiyyat me poori insaniyat ki hidayat farmata hai. Jab hum ustad ka adab deen me maqam teacher respect islam ki sharai hesiyat ka jaiza lete hain, to ye baat nihayat wazeh ho kar samne aati hai ke Aslaf-e-Saliheen, Aimma-e-Mujtahideen, aur Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ke jumhoor ulema ne hamesha is amar ko Quran-o-Sunnah ki asoolon par parkha hai.

Lughwi aitibar se is lafz ke maani paakizgi, itaat, tabedaari aur haq par qayam rehne ke aate hain. Istilah-e-shariat me iska maqsad banday ko uske Khaliq-o-Malik se jodhna aur Nabi-e-Kareem, Rahmatul-lil-Aalameen Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ ke naqsh-e-qadam par chalana hai.

Hanafi Fiqh ke azeem ulema—jinke sarbarah Imam-e-Azam Abu Hanifa Nu’man bin Thabit (R.A.) hain—ne hamesha nusoos-e-shariah (Quran aur Sunnah) ke ma-baad usool aur qawaid ko samne rakh kar har maslay ki tahqeeq farmai hai. Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka tareeqa hamesha aitedal, aman aur adab-e-risalat par mabni raha hai. Isme na to kutto-nifaq ki gunjaish hai aur na hi kisi qism ki ghulo aur bidat-e-dalalah ki.

2. Aayaat-e-Quraniyyah se Qat’i Dalaail o Barahin

Allah Tabarak wa Ta’ala ne Kalam-e-Majeed me is ahem mauzoo par wazeh hidayat ata farmai hai. Surah mubarakah me irshad-e-bari ta’ala hota hai:

Is aayat me ahl-e-ilm (asatiza) ki azeem fazeelat ko wazeh kiya gaya hai ke wo aam jahilon ke barabar nahi ho sakte.

Tafseer-e-Kabeer me Imam Fakhruddin Razi aur Tafseer Kanz al-Iman me Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi is aayat-e-mubaraka ke taht farmate hain ke Allah Ta’ala ke har hukum me hikmaton ke khazane poshida hain. Momin ka kirdar ye hona chahiye ke wo kalam-e-ilahi ke aage sar-e-tasleem kham kare aur uski hidayat ko apni amali zindagi me dhal le.

3. Ahadith-e-Nabawiyyah aur Asaar-e-Sahaba

Huzoor Sarwar-e-Kawnain, Janab-e-Ahmad-e-Mujtaba ﷺ ke aqwal aur af’aal deen ka doosra bunyadi sarchashma hain. Hadeeth-e-Mubaraka me aata hai:

تَعَلَّمُوا الْعِلْمَ وَتَعَلَّمُوا لِلْعِلْمِ السَّكِينَةَ وَالْوَقَارَ وَتَوَاضَعُوا لِمَنْ تَتَعَلَّمُونَ مِنْهُ

Tarjuma: “Ilm seekho aur ilm ke liye sakeenat aur waqar seekho, aur jisse tum ilm seekhte ho uske aage aajizi ikhtiyar karo.”

— Al-Mu’jam al-Awsat Tabarani, Hadith 6184; Shu’ab al-Iman Bayhaqi

Huzoor ﷺ ne ustad ke samne aajizi (tawazu) ikhtiyar karne ka hukm diya taake ilm ka noor dil me utar sake.

Sahaba-e-Kiram Ridwanullahi Ta’ala Alaihim Ajmaeen ne is farman-e-nabawi par jis tarah amali pehra diya, wo tareekh ka sunehri baab hai. Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq, Hazrat Umar Farooq, Hazrat Usman Ghani aur Hazrat Ali Al-Murtaza (R.A.) ne hamesha is baare me aitedal aur sunnat ka daman thama rakha.

4. Aimma-e-Kiram aur Maslak-e-Aala Hazrat ki Roshni me Fiqhi Tehqeeq

Imam Shafi’i (R.A.) farmate hain: ‘Mai Imam Malik ke samne kitab ka panna itni narmi se palat-ta tha ke uski aawaz na nikle taake unke adab me khalal na aaye.’ Imam Abu Hanifa farmate hain: ‘Maine kabhi apne ustad Hammad ke makan ki taraf paaon nahi phailaye halanke darmiyan me 7 galiyan theen.’ Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan ne apne asatiza ki aisi tazeem farmai jo tareekh ka sunehri hissa hai.

Mujaddid-e-Deen-o-Millat, Imam-e-Ahle-Sunnat Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (Rahmatullahi Alayh) ne apni azeem-ush-shan tasneef Fatawa Razawiyyah me is maslay par be-misaal tehqeeq farmai hai. Aap farmate hain ke Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka rasta wahi hai jispar Sahaba-e-Kiram, Tabi’een, Taba Tabi’een aur Aimma-e-Arba’a (Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Malik, Imam Shafi’i, Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal) gamzan rahay. Deen me kisi bhi naye aqeeday ya man-marzi ki taweel ki koi gunjaish nahi hai. Har amal aur aqeeday ko nusoos-e-qat’iyyah ki roshni me samjhna zaroori hai.

Sadrush Shariah Allama Hakeem Muhammad Amjad Ali Azmi (R.A.) apni shohra-e-aafaq kitab Bahar-e-Shariat me farmate hain ke shariat-e-mutahharah ke ahkam do qism ke hain: Aqaid aur Mamlaat/Ibadaat. Aqaid me shak o shubhat se imaan me khalal waqe hota hai, jabki fiqh me Aslaf ki taqleed insan ko bhatakne se mehfooz rakhti hai. Ahle Sunnat ka sarmaya-e-iftikhar yahi hai ke unka silsila-e-ilm bila-fasl Sarwar-e-Kainat ﷺ tak pohanchta hai.

5. Ustad ke 5 Azeem Sharai Adaab

1. Salam aur Istiqbal me Pehal: Ustad ko dekhte hi adab se salam karein aur unke dast-e-mubarak ko bosah dein.

2. Guftagu me Adab: Ustad ke samne aawaz oonchi na karein, unki baat ko na kaatein aur unke samne be-ja behas se bachein.

3. Khidmat aur Ahtiram: Ustad ke jootay seedhe karna, unka samaan uthana aur unki har jaiz khidmat ko apne liye sa’adat samajhna.

4. Unki Ghalati par Parda: Agar ustad se koi lafzi ya ijtehadi laghshish ho jaye to uska charcha na karein balki husn-e-zann rakhein.

5. Dua-e-Khair: Apni har namaz ke baad apne asatiza ke liye ro ro kar maghfirat aur darjat ki bulandi ki dua karein.

6. Ustad ka Adab vs Ustad ki Be-Adabi ka Anjam

Aitibar	Ustad ki Khidmat Karne Wala	Ustad ki Gustakhi Karne Wala
Ilm ki Hesiyat	Ilm me barkat, roohani asar	Ilm ka zaya hona, sirf lafzi ratti
Maashrati Izzat	Logon ke dilon me qadar o izzat	Muashray me zillat aur ruswayi
Amal ki Taufeeq	Amal-e-saaleh aur taqwa naseeb	Gumrahi aur bad-aqeedgi ka shikar
Aakhirat	Asatiza ki shafa’at aur azeem ajar	Huqooq-ul-Ibad me girift aur azaab

7. Ahem Masail aur Ghalat-Fehmiyon ka Azala

Muashray me ustad ka adab deen me maqam teacher respect islam ke hawale se jo ghalat-fehmiyan aur ifrat-o-tafreet paayi jaati hai, uska mustanad ilmi jawab darj zail hai:

• Hum fees dete hain to ustad hamara naukar hai: Fees sirf unke waqt ka hadya hai, unki roohani shafqat aur ilm ki qeemat dunya ki daulat se ada nahi ho sakti.
• Modern education me ustad ka adab zaroori nahi: Adab ke baghair degree to mil sakti hai magar shaoor aur barkat nahi mil sakti.
• Ustad ke peeth peeche unka mazaq udana chalta hai: Ustad ka mazaq udana ya unke aib nikalna sakht tabah-kun gunah hai.

8. Amali Zindagi me Nafaz (Practical Guidelines)

Har musalman ko chahiye ke wo darj zail amoor par pabandi ke sath amal kare taake uski amali zindagi me sunnat ka noor shamil ho sake:

1. Ustad ki Ziarat: Purane asatiza se waqtan fa-waqtan mulaqat karein aur unka haal daryaft karein.
2. Hadya aur Tohfa: Eid ya khushi ke mawaqe par asatiza ki khidmat me hadya pesh karein.
3. Unke Samne Tawaazu: Chahe aap dunya me kitne bade afsar ban jayein, ustad ke samne shagirrd ban kar rahein.
4. Bachon ko Ustad ka Adab Sikhayein: Bachon ke samne kabhi school ya madrasay ke ustad ki burai na karein.
5. Asatiza ke Marhoom Rishtedaron ka Isal-e-Sawab: Unke marhoomeen ke liye fatiha padhein.

9. Roohani Fawaid aur Tazkiyah-e-Nafs

Ilm me be-panah kushaadgi, asatiza ke dilon se nikli duaon ki barkat aur dunya o aakhirat me sar-bulandi.

Sultan-ul-Awliya, Huzoor Ghaus-e-Azam Sayyiduna Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (R.A.) apni shandar tasneef Al-Fath ar-Rabbani aur Ghunyat-ut-Talibeen me irshad farmate hain ke jab tak banda apne zahir ko shariat ke taabay aur batin ko ikhlas o hubb-e-ilahi se aaraasta na kare, tab tak haqeeqat-e-roohaniyat haasil nahi ho sakti. Shariat zahir ka husn hai aur Tareeqat batin ki taharat hai. Dono ek doosre ke laazoom hain.

Hujjat-ul-Islam Imam Muhammad Ghazali (R.A.) Ihya Ulum al-Din me irshad farmate hain ke momin ka har fail (chahe wo ibadat ho, zikr ho, ya dunya-wi kashmakash) agar niyat-e-saliha ke sath kiya jaye to wo ibadat ban jata hai. Dil ki paakizgi, bughz o keena se nijaat aur khuloos-e-niyat hi roohani kamyabi ki azeem kunji hai.

10. Hamari Sunni Kutub Library se Mutala’a

11. Aksar Poochhe Jane Wale Sawalat (FAQs)

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