Nazr o Niyaz, Fatiha aur Isal-e-Sawab Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka wo qadeem aur mustanad deeni sha’aar hai jo Quran-o-Sunnah aur Sahaba-e-Kiram ke aamaal se roshan roshni ki tarah saabit hai. Pichle kuch arson me ifrat-o-tafreet aur kam-fahmi ki wajah se baaz grohon ne Niyaz aur Fatiha ko shirk aur biddat keh kar aam musalmanon me waswase daalne ki koshish ki. Haqeeqat ye hai ke Niyaz ka khana Allah hi ke naam par paka kar fuqara ko khilaya jata hai aur uska sawab Mehboob-e-Khuda ﷺ ya kisi Wali-Allah ki bargah me hadya kiya jata hai. Is ilmi mazmoon me hum Nazr o Niyaz ki sharai hesiyat, Fatiha ke dalail aur etirazaat ke mustanad jawabaat pesh karenge.
1. Nazr O Niyaz Sharai Hasiyat Daleel Quran Hadith Ka Sharai o Lughwi Mafhoom
Deen-e-Islam ek mukammal zaabta-e-hayat hai jo aqaaid, ibadaat, mamlaat aur akhlaqiyyat me poori insaniyat ki hidayat farmata hai. Jab hum nazr o niyaz sharai hasiyat daleel quran hadith ki sharai hesiyat ka jaiza lete hain, to ye baat nihayat wazeh ho kar samne aati hai ke Aslaf-e-Saliheen, Aimma-e-Mujtahideen, aur Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ke jumhoor ulema ne hamesha is amar ko Quran-o-Sunnah ki asoolon par parkha hai.
Lughwi aitibar se is lafz ke maani paakizgi, itaat, tabedaari aur haq par qayam rehne ke aate hain. Istilah-e-shariat me iska maqsad banday ko uske Khaliq-o-Malik se jodhna aur Nabi-e-Kareem, Rahmatul-lil-Aalameen Hazrat Muhammad Mustafa ﷺ ke naqsh-e-qadam par chalana hai.
Hanafi Fiqh ke azeem ulema—jinke sarbarah Imam-e-Azam Abu Hanifa Nu’man bin Thabit (R.A.) hain—ne hamesha nusoos-e-shariah (Quran aur Sunnah) ke ma-baad usool aur qawaid ko samne rakh kar har maslay ki tahqeeq farmai hai. Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka tareeqa hamesha aitedal, aman aur adab-e-risalat par mabni raha hai. Isme na to kutto-nifaq ki gunjaish hai aur na hi kisi qism ki ghulo aur bidat-e-dalalah ki.
2. Aayaat-e-Quraniyyah se Qat’i Dalaail o Barahin
Allah Tabarak wa Ta’ala ne Kalam-e-Majeed me is ahem mauzoo par wazeh hidayat ata farmai hai. Surah mubarakah me irshad-e-bari ta’ala hota hai:
وَيُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا إِنَّمَا نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لَا نُرِيدُ مِنكُمْ جَزَاءً وَلَا شُكُورًا
Wa yut’imoonat ta’aama ‘alaa hubbihee miskeenanw wa yateemanw wa aseeraa Innamaa nut’imukum liwajhillaahi laa nureedu minkum jazaaa’anw wa laa shookooraa
“Aur wo Allah ki mohabbat me miskeen, yateem aur qaidi ko khana khilate hain; (aur kehte hain ke) hum to tumhe sirf Allah ki raza ke liye khilate hain, na tumse koi badla chahte hain na shukriya. (Surah Al-Insan: 8-9)”
Is aayat-e-mubaraka me Hazrat Ali Murtaza aur Hazrat Fatima Zahra (R.A.) ke khana khilane ki azeem tareef farmai gayi hai. Khana khilana Allah ki raza ke liye hai aur yahi Niyaz ka asal maqsad hai.
Tafseer-e-Kabeer me Imam Fakhruddin Razi aur Tafseer Kanz al-Iman me Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi is aayat-e-mubaraka ke taht farmate hain ke Allah Ta’ala ke har hukum me hikmaton ke khazane poshida hain. Momin ka kirdar ye hona chahiye ke wo kalam-e-ilahi ke aage sar-e-tasleem kham kare aur uski hidayat ko apni amali zindagi me dhal le.
3. Ahadith-e-Nabawiyyah aur Asaar-e-Sahaba
Huzoor Sarwar-e-Kawnain, Janab-e-Ahmad-e-Mujtaba ﷺ ke aqwal aur af’aal deen ka doosra bunyadi sarchashma hain. Hadeeth-e-Mubaraka me aata hai:
أَنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَأَيُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: سَقْيُ الْمَاءِ
Tarjuma: “Hazrat Sa’ad bin Ubadah (R.A.) ne arz ki: Ya Rasoolallah! Meri walida wafaat pa gayi hain, kya mai unki taraf se sadqa karu? Farmaya: Haan! Arz ki: Kaunsa sadqa afzal hai? Farmaya: Pani pilana. Unhone ek kuan khodwaya aur kaha: Ye Sa’ad ki walida ke liye hai.”
— Sunan Abi Dawood, Hadith 1681; Sunan An-Nasa’i, Hadith 3664
Hazrat Sa’ad ne kuan khodwa kar kaha ‘Hazihi li-Ummi Sa’ad’ (Ye Sa’ad ki maa ke liye hai). Yahan ‘ke liye’ ka matlab ‘unke sawab ke liye’ hai, unki ibadat ke liye nahi. Theek isi tarah jab hum kehte hain ‘Ghaus-e-Azam ki Niyaz’ to iska matlab hota hai Ghaus-e-Azam ke Isal-e-Sawab ke liye khana.
Sahaba-e-Kiram Ridwanullahi Ta’ala Alaihim Ajmaeen ne is farman-e-nabawi par jis tarah amali pehra diya, wo tareekh ka sunehri baab hai. Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq, Hazrat Umar Farooq, Hazrat Usman Ghani aur Hazrat Ali Al-Murtaza (R.A.) ne hamesha is baare me aitedal aur sunnat ka daman thama rakha.
4. Aimma-e-Kiram aur Maslak-e-Aala Hazrat ki Roshni me Fiqhi Tehqeeq
Shah Abdul Aziz Muhaddith Dehlvi Fatawa Azizi me farmate hain ke Niyaz-e-Hazrat Imam Hussain aur Niyaz-e-Ghaus-e-Azam par Fatiha padhna aur khana khilana bil-ittifaq jaiz aur baais-e-barkat hai. Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan ne Bariq-un-Noor fee Shama-e-Quboor aur Al-Ataaya an-Nabawiyyah me saabit kiya ke Isal-e-Sawab par ummat ka ijma hai.
Mujaddid-e-Deen-o-Millat, Imam-e-Ahle-Sunnat Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi (Rahmatullahi Alayh) ne apni azeem-ush-shan tasneef Fatawa Razawiyyah me is maslay par be-misaal tehqeeq farmai hai. Aap farmate hain ke Ahle Sunnat wal Jamaat ka rasta wahi hai jispar Sahaba-e-Kiram, Tabi’een, Taba Tabi’een aur Aimma-e-Arba’a (Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Malik, Imam Shafi’i, Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal) gamzan rahay. Deen me kisi bhi naye aqeeday ya man-marzi ki taweel ki koi gunjaish nahi hai. Har amal aur aqeeday ko nusoos-e-qat’iyyah ki roshni me samjhna zaroori hai.
Sadrush Shariah Allama Hakeem Muhammad Amjad Ali Azmi (R.A.) apni shohra-e-aafaq kitab Bahar-e-Shariat me farmate hain ke shariat-e-mutahharah ke ahkam do qism ke hain: Aqaid aur Mamlaat/Ibadaat. Aqaid me shak o shubhat se imaan me khalal waqe hota hai, jabki fiqh me Aslaf ki taqleed insan ko bhatakne se mehfooz rakhti hai. Ahle Sunnat ka sarmaya-e-iftikhar yahi hai ke unka silsila-e-ilm bila-fasl Sarwar-e-Kainat ﷺ tak pohanchta hai.
5. Fatiha aur Niyaz ke Sharai Qawaid aur Tariqa
1. Zibah sirf Allah ke Naam par: Janwar ya murgha zibah karte waqt sirf ‘Bismillahi Allahu Akbar’ kehna farz hai. Agar kisi buzurg ke naam par zibah kiya gaya to wo murdar aur haram hoga. Niyaz me zibah Allah ke naam par hota hai, sawab buzurg ko bakhsha jata hai.
2. Khana Samne Rakh Kar Fatiha Padhna: Khane par Quran padhna bar-haq hai. Sahaba ke samne Huzoor ﷺ ke dastar-khwan par barkat ki dua farmai jaati thi.
3. Surah Fatiha aur Qul Shareef: Surah Kafirun, Surah Ikhlas (3 bar), Surah Falaq, Surah Naas aur Surah Fatiha aur Surah Baqarah ki ibtedai aayats padh kar Durood ke sath dua maangi jaye.
4. Hadya-e-Sawab: Dua me arz karein: ‘Aye Allah! Jo kuch padha gaya aur jo ta’aam tayyar hai iska sawab Mehboob-e-Khuda ﷺ ke waseele se fulaan buzurg ki bargah me pohanchaye.’
5. Fuqara aur Aghniya ka Khana: Niyaz ka khana har musalman (ghareeb aur ameer dono) khushi se ba-barkat samajh kar kha sakta hai kyunke ye hadya aur sadqa-e-nafla hai.
6. Shariat me Niyaz vs Shirk ka Haqeeqi Farq
| Aitibar | Sunni Niyaz o Fatiha | Mushrikana Chadhawa (Shirk) |
|---|---|---|
| Khaliq o Mabood | Sirf Allah Ta’ala ki Zaat | Ghairullah ko mabood manna |
| Zibah ka Naam | Sirf ‘Bismillahi Allahu Akbar’ | Buton ya devtaon ke naam par zibah |
| Maqsad | Allah ke liye khilana, sawab bakhshna | Ghairullah ki khushnoodi o pooja |
| Sharai Hukm | Mustahab, bais-e-sawwaab | Qat’i Shirk aur Kufr |
7. Ahem Masail aur Ghalat-Fehmiyon ka Azala
Muashray me nazr o niyaz sharai hasiyat daleel quran hadith ke hawale se jo ghalat-fehmiyan aur ifrat-o-tafreet paayi jaati hai, uska mustanad ilmi jawab darj zail hai:
- Khane par Fatiha padhne se khana haram ho jata hai: Quran-e-Pak ki tilawat se barkat aati hai, kalam-e-ilahi se khana haram kaise ho sakta hai?
- Ameer log Niyaz ka khana nahi kha sakte: Nafal sadqa aur hadya ka khana ameer aur ghareeb sab kha sakte hain.
- Makhsoos tareekh par niyaz biddat hai: Kisi din ko tay karna aasaani aur intezam ke liye hota hai, shariat me kisi bhi din khana khilana jaiz hai.
8. Amali Zindagi me Nafaz (Practical Guidelines)
Har musalman ko chahiye ke wo darj zail amoor par pabandi ke sath amal kare taake uski amali zindagi me sunnat ka noor shamil ho sake:
- Ba-Wudhu Khana Pakayein: Niyaz ka khana pakate waqt Durood Shareef aur zikr karein.
- Halal Kamayi ka Paisa: Niyaz ke liye sirf halal aur paak kamayi ka kharch karein.
- Ghareebon ko Pehle Khilayein: Ghareebon aur yatimon ko sabse pehle izzat ke sath khana dein.
- Fuzool-kharchi se Bachein: Qarz le kar ya numaish ke liye niyaz na karein balki hasb-e-istita’at karein.
- Khatm-e-Qadiriya: Gharon me barkat ke liye Ghaus-e-Azam ka Khatm Shareef karwayein.
9. Roohani Fawaid aur Tazkiyah-e-Nafs
Gharon me khair o barkat, Auliya-Allah ki roohani tawajjoh, rizq me farakhi aur balaon ka dafiya.
Sultan-ul-Awliya, Huzoor Ghaus-e-Azam Sayyiduna Shaykh Abdul Qadir Jilani (R.A.) apni shandar tasneef Al-Fath ar-Rabbani aur Ghunyat-ut-Talibeen me irshad farmate hain ke jab tak banda apne zahir ko shariat ke taabay aur batin ko ikhlas o hubb-e-ilahi se aaraasta na kare, tab tak haqeeqat-e-roohaniyat haasil nahi ho sakti. Shariat zahir ka husn hai aur Tareeqat batin ki taharat hai. Dono ek doosre ke laazoom hain.
Hujjat-ul-Islam Imam Muhammad Ghazali (R.A.) Ihya Ulum al-Din me irshad farmate hain ke momin ka har fail (chahe wo ibadat ho, zikr ho, ya dunya-wi kashmakash) agar niyat-e-saliha ke sath kiya jaye to wo ibadat ban jata hai. Dil ki paakizgi, bughz o keena se nijaat aur khuloos-e-niyat hi roohani kamyabi ki azeem kunji hai.
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11. Aksar Poochhe Jane Wale Sawalat (FAQs)
Kya Gyarween Shareef manana jaiz hai?
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Qabar par khana khana be-adabi hai, ghar par paka kar ya masjid me taqseem karein.
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